I'd agree it was a near miss, meaning the arrow just sliced thru a fat reserve either near the brisket,sternum or back strap. I'm leaning toward backstrap like JB due to the fact the deer was nervous before the shot thus making it likely he dropped or jumped the string at the shot causing a high impact hit. Plus there is enough cartilage,bone and fat near and around the BS to cause this arrow to look the way it does in the pic. Just my opinion.
Don't beat yourself up over it and just learn from it. IMO, the deer will probably survive from this as well. Hope you get another crack at him or the big 12. Good luck!