As Brock stated earlier, Mike Tonkovich is a good friend of mine. We're "rural" neighbors here in Athens Co. Our wives are friends, I turkey hunt on his property, he brings his kids over to fish in my pond etc... Mike and I have debated DOW policy for over 15 years and he will be the first to tell you that I don't agree with every decision the state makes. However, knowing Mike as well as I do, I sleep good at night knowing that any recommendation he makes is based off of the best available data and his honest opinion of what he thinks is best for the resource and ALL Ohioans... I can say without question that Mike Tonkovich is not a liar!
Mike Tonkovich does not read this forum. I tried to get him to join the *** last fall as it is not open to all and he liked the idea but was advised by a superior not to participate. If ODNR IP's are showing up on this board, it's somebody else within the division...probably a wildlife investigator or someone in that capacity.
We were talking this afternoon and I mentioned that there seems to be a growing dissension among the ranks about the direction the statewide deer population is headed. He was well aware. I said some folks are really hung up on population estimates. He and I first "went around" about this in the mid 90's, the year after the total harvest dropped over 35%, so I pretty much already knew the answer to the question but I asked him to send me an email outlining the concept...I was driving.
Mike,
Per our conversation this afternoon - estimating the size of a deer
population is incredibly difficult for one very important reason - it is based on the REPORTED HARVEST. Period. Without accurate harvest data, we have very little to go on. That is a very difficult position to be in, as there is no way of knowing how good the harvest data, and ultimately the population estimate, actually is. Why? Harvest is ultimately a function of two things - the actual number of deer and 2) hunter effort. The first is fixed. The deer are there or they're not. Of course, that doesn't mean they are always equally as available. Factors such as hunter access, abundant mast crop, bad weather and standing corn can reduce the number of deer available for harvest in various parts of the state. This changes annually and no one has of yet, figured out how to quantify that variability. Things are even more difficult when it comes to the hunter and his/her effort. Buying a license 2 years in a row doesn't necessarily translate to equal amount of effort. I’m not suggesting that hunters have suddenly become lazy, however, for the reasons I mentioned like bad weather, we have no way of quantifying hunter effort - an integral piece of the deer management equation.
Consider last year. We had a record mast crop. Long term data unequivocally shows an inverse relationship between hunter success and mast abundance in the forested areas of the state which harbor the majority of our deer. The harvest data last year fell out just as you might expect. The archery harvest was down 8% before gun season. The opening day gun harvest was up 12%.My interpretation: gun hunters picked up the deer bow hunters couldn't because of the difficulty associated with patterning deer. The weather turned bad on Tuesday and the harvest never recovered. License and permit sales were off and hunter contacts by wildlife officers were off 15%. I interpreted this as an indication of reduced effort. At the end of the year, I looked at the complete picture - and concluded that in spite of a 9% drop in the harvest, the population was probably as strong at the start of the 2010 season as it was the previous year and that other factors (mast, effort, weather) probably contributed more to the harvest decline than the actual size of the deer population. This year's harvest results suggest that I was wrong, that in fact, there may have been fewer deer at the start of the season than originally predicted. I have been wrong before and chances are good I will be wrong again. I will openly admit it. This is a challenging process to say the least.
As you and I have discussed many times, Deer management is as much an art as it is a science. That is why I have preached until I'm blue in the face that hunters can help improve the process by returning their hunter effort surveys and keeping us posted about their effort each year. We need that information more than ever before and it would go a long way towards allowing us to do a better job interpreting this year's data and forecasting next year's harvest.
Again, I have no problem being wrong about the size of the statewide deer population. In fact, I would like to be wrong as that would mean that we are making progress towards reducing the population in most parts of the state, a job we have been working hard at for some time and progress is certainly welcome.
Take care Mike!
Michael J. Tonkovich, Ph.D.
Deer Project Leader
ODNR, Division of Wildlife
360 E. State St.
Athens, OH 45701